Soft X-ray spectroscopy of clusters, surfaces and interfaces

Wide-angle electron spectrometer

To study the ultra-fast dynamics on surfaces at various parameters and conditions by the means of high efficient photoelectron spectroscopy the versatile and flexible Wide-angle Electron SPEctrometer (WESPE) was developed. It is a transportable experiment, operated either as semi-permanent user endstations at the Free-Electron Laser in Hamburg (FLASH) or in our laboratory in the Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL).

The setup provides optimal conditions to perform various kinds of time-resolved (core-level) photoemission studies (trPES) on solids surface and interfaces by the combination of a time-of-flight analyzer (Specs, Themis 1000-80) together with a segmented, position-sensitive delay-line detector (Surface Concept, 3D-DLD-4Q).
The preparation chamber is equipped with standard sample preparation tools such as a sputter gun, a mass spectrometer and a filament for annealing/flashing. It also provides LEED/AES to prove the sample surface quality and can be additionally equipped by a variety of flexible installations. Depending on the demand of the participating users, evaporators, a quartz crystal balance, a gas-inlet system or a cleaving tool can be mounted.
The sample stage is attached to a cryostat, which can be operated with liquid helium or nitrogen (Tmin ~10K). Its flexible design can cover a large diversity of different samples holders. The sample holders can be adjusted to the sample material, size, shape and needs of preparation and/or measurement conditions.

The µ-metal shielded measurement chamber provides two operational modes:
1. The Themis 1000 time-of-flight spectrometer enables high repetition rate measurements at the soft-x-ray free-electron laser FLASH and therefore offers the best prerequisites to investigate time-resolved surface dynamics, e.g. catalytic reactions on solids, ultrafast magnetization effects as well as charge migration and transfer in layer systems. Experiments benefit from the high detection efficiency and the single electron detection capability of the segmented DLD as well as from the wide acceptance angle and the high energy resolution (about 200meV) within a large energy window (up to 18eV) of the Themis.
2. A hemispherical analyzer (Scienta SES 2002) is installed and can be operated together with a twin anode x-ray gun (Al- and Mg-Kα). This configuration allows both, preparatory measurements for FEL experiments or stand-alone static experiments in the laboratory.

A second Themis, which increases the overall signal intensity and allows in some cases parallel measurements of different kinetic electron energies or the parallel observation of bulk- and surface- related dynamics will be installed in the near future.

 

 

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